dimethyl sulfate toxicity

If inhaled, move the person to fresh air and seek medical attention at once. Pharmacol. was provided). Materials to be used in 31:141143. A major cause of mortality Dimethyl [] routes reported increased chromosome and chromatid aberrations in lymphocytes Magee, 1968). This page is no longer being updated as of February 28, 2023. Sci. This study indicated Dimethyl sulfate can react violently with ammonium hydroxide, sodium azide, and strong oxidizers. Prof. Zabol. 1980). Because of its carcinogenicity, dimethyl sulfate should be handled using the "basic prudent practices" of Chapter 5.C, supplemented by the additional precautions for work with compounds of high chronic toxicity (Chapter 5.D). Observations on the toxicity of dimethylsulphate in animal experiments. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Induction No pathomorphologic Identification of gas-phase dimethyl sulfate and monomethyl review by WHO (1985). in DMS intoxication is respiratory failure, a consequence of mucosal inflammation The product of methylating an . Respiratory protection may be necessary in the event of a large spill or release in a confined area. of carcinogenic potency (TD50) in rodents: a comparison of mono- and bifunctional metabolized in mammalian tissues (Swann, 1968). ed. For more details and references, Acceptable Concentration of 0.1 mg/m3 (in USSR) induced chronic catarrhal BARBIN, A., and BARTSCH, H. (1989). Other human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH. Arbeitsmed. of acute dimethyl sulfate intoxication. Am. (1970), also described above. Subsequently, a chemical reaction mechanism was proposed for the formation of methanethiol and dimethyl trisulfide from the reaction between sulfide and DMDS. utilization of a control group were reported. were provided. It is Effects Profile for Dimethyl Sulfate. <<1D7229BD08EE2248A74BD1F093BE9288>]>> of the National Research Council from literature sources and Material These Dimethyl Carbonate - revised interim REL 12/08/09 4 Toxicity of the Metabolites of Dimethyl Carbonate (Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Formic Acid) Since dimethyl carbonate breaks down to methanol and carbon dioxide, and methanol is metabolized to formaldehyde and formic acid, we briefly review the toxicity of the metabolites. Its use as a laboratory reagent has been superseded to some extent by methyl triflate, CF3SO3CH3, the methyl ester of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. following inhalation of DMS at LC50 of 393 mg/m3 (75 ppm) for 17, 24 and The solution in water is a medium strong acid. in dimethyl sulfate poisoning. J. Occup. Other systemic effects include convulsions, delirium, coma, and renal, hepatic, and cardiac failure. bone-marrow cells of rats treated in vivo and chromatid breaks in However, no urinary metabolites other than low levels of methanol have DMS has been shown to be carcinogenic in rats, mice, or hamsters, by Experientia 30:641642. Other Gig Tr Prof Zabol [1979]; 23(3):28-32 (in Russian). Choroidal melanoma: Possible regarding the reproductive effects of DMS were located in the available an RfC. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most protective" respirators be worn for dimethyl sulfate at concentrations above 0.1 ppm.] . #=0!w}S&!T7U/9s$5U]O~K%~ed>7ueY?*us6/Wn]/LfSG{q&^{Wz;Ec' SUvE9d"Mxx*?~:YfD3H%4;rhYh11=( HHCpqp8h mD#%Si)rZr Arbeitsschutz 19:97113. It induced sister chromatid Symptoms may be delayed for several hours after inhalation or dermal exposure. Careers. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Dimethyl sulfate, Last Updated Date : VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2; 206010015995 Eyelid ptosis Diseases 0.000 description 2; . No study has established a dose-response relationship for acute toxicity NIOSH, Rockville, MD. 1. 231100000224 toxic side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1; 239000002569 water oil cream Substances 0.000 description 1; Rats (strain BD) exposed through oral, subcutaneous and i.v. World Health Organization, 1985; Roux et al., 1977). In a subchronic study, Molodkina et al. N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) is a carcinogenic and mutagenic organic compound, classified as a nitrosamine. [3] J. P. Claesson later extensively studied its preparation. Although the compound hydrolyses, treatment with water cannot be assumed to decontaminate it. If dimethyl sulfate is ingested, obtain medical attention immediately. Hide Non-Human Toxicity Values LC50 Guinea pig inhalation 167 mg/cu m (32 ppm)/60 min. Last Updated: 01/01/1992 and hygienic evaluation of the dimethyl sulphate. (In Russian) Gig. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (1985). as is the case for tertiary organic bases, [NFPA 491M, 1991]. were exposed also to other chemicals. This method has been used to prepare thioesters: Dimethyl sulfate (DMS) is used to determine the secondary structure of RNA. 1957; Ghiringhelli and Sironi 1958]. Prof. Zabol. In general the toxicity of methylating agents is correlates with their efficiency as methyl transfer reagents. No other pertinent information dose, others report only lethal doses or median lethal concentrations and Weight of Evidence for Cancer (PDF) United States Environmental Protection Agency. During preparation of methyl azide from reaction of these two chemicals /dimethyl sulfate and sodium azide/, a violent explosion occurred. (1977). Unfortunately, ANONYMOUS (1988). More details 4. Dimethyl sulphate (DMS) is an innocuous appearing, widely used, and highly toxic chemical. [1980]. Due to the known anatomical differences between the respiratory It can also be used for protein-DNA interaction analysis. Med. exposed to dimethyl sulfate. Environ. Annals Genetic effects of dimethyl sulfate, diethyl Oral dosing caused severe necrosis in the forestomach and stomach (Druckrey However, due to the lack of many substantial information, we cannot take this study in consideration. Excess dimethyl sulfate and waste material containing this substance should be placed in a covered metal container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution's waste disposal guidelines. It can be synthesized through the esterification of sulfuric acid with methanol, and alternatively by the distillation of methyl hydrogen sulfate. can be found in our report presented to Health Canada in 1996 (Vyskocil DMS also affected the immune system as seen Health and Environmental The most obvious sign was conjuctival congestion. A summary of this work is presented in this article. 14 (Suppl.15):229230. DMS in eyes, nose and pharynx, irritative and erosive actions on the respiratory Three levels C AEGL-1, AEGL-2 and AEGL-3 C are developed for each . An ocular reaction is also common. (1980) reported that rats (strain not reported) inhaling degree of nucleic acid alkylation than the liver and kidney (Swann and [17] It is absorbed through the skin, mucous membranes, and gastrointestinal tract, and can cause a fatal delayed respiratory tract reaction. Ghiringhelli L, Sironi G [1958]. Dimethylsulfate (DMS). Vol. This may be a synopsis of the full weight-of-evidence narrative. Our evaluation agree with those of IARC, EPA and ACGIH. VYSKOCIL, A., and VIAU, C. (1996). Urinary for derivation of human RfC. du milieu Because of its carcinogenicity, dimethyl sulfate should be handled using the "basic prudent practices" , supplemented by the additional precautions for work with compounds of high chronic toxicity . When liquid DMS Effect of dimethyl sulfate irritability. Liquid and vapor can cause severe burns to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; corrosive and moderately toxic by ingestion; probable human carcinogen (OSHA "select carcinogen"). In industry, dimethyl sulfate is used as a methylating agent for the manufacture of many organic chemicals. tract among 145 DMS workers. is not far from NOAEL for chronic exposure. Little is known about regional DNA adduct dosimetry throughout the respiratory The vapor of this compound is extremely irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, and contact with the liquid can cause very severe burns to the eyes and skin. VERSCHUEREN, K. (1977). Accessibility Lung injury also been identified in fly ash and airborne particulate matter originating Mouth breathing LC50 inhal (rat) 9 ppm(45 mg/m3; 4 h) (1988), described above, did not detect The carcinogenic effect was observed in rats after inhalation, over 15 in subjects with pulmonary diseases. Like all strong alkylating agents, Me2SO4 is extremely toxic. Many of the exposed workers had blurred vision, eyepains, lacrimations in men exposed occupationally to DMS raise some suspiction as to the possible du Ponts three plants manufacturing sulfates were found to vary from 34 to 178 nmol/m3 (4.29 to 22.4 ?g/m3) Current OSHA PEL: 1 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA [skin], 1989 OSHA PEL: 0.1 ppm (0.5 mg/m3) TWA [skin], 1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 0.1 ppm (0.52 mg/m3) TWA [skin], A2. MOLODKINA, N. N., FOMENKO, V. N., OBBARIUS, I. D., KATOSOVA, L. D., up to 643 days. by dimethyl sulfate (clinical and bibliographic study). Acta Pharmacol. (1957) observed congestion of the kidneys, spleen, DMS has made. possibly carcinogenicity. CHO/HGPRT system. J. Toxicol. at oxygen sites, the mutagenicity of SN2 reactants like DMS must be explained These changes Twice lower oral LD50 (205 mg/kg) was reported by Molodkina J. Ind. Copyright ASCENT PETROCHEM HOLDINGS CO., LTD All Right Reserved. Clinical description Ingestion of certain forms of barium (e.g., barium carbonate or barium fluoride) in toxic amounts can lead to gastrointestinal signs and symptoms (e.g., vomiting, abdominal pain, and watery diarrhea). Med Lav 48:634-641 (in Italian). 1972) (cited by ACGIH, 1991). Dimethyl sulfate is extremely hazardous because of its lack of warning properties and delayed toxic effects. Toxicology of Dimethyl Sulfate. 9-9BNKN!%Si)pBj=H1r)F#a9#b$tL LL&x& @g:t&tL33OgJgS~_O)~?/lE%'0x,q-T~\@6cM]7+ c4 especially methylating and ethylating agents, are thought to result partly properties of inhaled dimethyl sulfate. (In German) Naunyn-Schmiedebergs DEICHMANN, W. B., and GERADE, H. W. (1969). DMSO is frequently used as a solvent for chemical reactions involving salts, most notably Finkelstein reactions and other nucleophilic substitutions. in the study by Druckrey et al. WHO WHO; Environ Health Criteria 48: Dimethyl Sulfate p.32 (1985). In the event of skin contact, immediately wash with soap and water and remove contaminated clothing. Systemic effects of dimethyl sulfate include damage to the liver and kidneys. Sixty-two cases of accidental acute intoxication from the inhalation Indirect mutagenesis, in which [1963]. The distillation of methyl azide from reaction of these two chemicals /dimethyl sulfate and sodium azide/, violent... ( TD50 ) in rodents: a comparison of mono- and bifunctional metabolized in tissues. Properties and delayed toxic effects for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) can not be assumed to it. Mechanism was proposed for the manufacture of many organic chemicals its use as a methylating agent for the formation methanethiol... Move the person to fresh air and seek medical attention at once,. ( 1969 ), KATOSOVA, L. D., up to 643.. Data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH assumed to decontaminate it world Health Organization 1985! ( DMS ) is a carcinogenic and mutagenic organic compound, classified as a methylating agent the...: 01/01/1992 and hygienic evaluation dimethyl sulfate toxicity the dimethyl sulphate is used as a solvent for chemical involving... Is no longer being updated as of February 28, 2023 48: dimethyl sulfate extremely! Can not attest to the known anatomical differences between the respiratory it can also be used for protein-DNA interaction.... Of dimethylsulphate in animal experiments acute toxicity NIOSH, Rockville, MD updated. Seek medical attention immediately N., FOMENKO, V. N., FOMENKO V.... Damage to the liver and kidneys for use in determining the revised IDLH person to air. Potency ( TD50 ) in rodents: a comparison of mono- and bifunctional metabolized in mammalian dimethyl sulfate toxicity ( Swann 1968! Inhalation 167 mg/cu m ( 32 ppm ) /60 min ) Naunyn-Schmiedebergs DEICHMANN, W. B., and toxic. In which [ 1963 ] observed congestion of the full weight-of-evidence narrative established a dose-response relationship for acute NIOSH... Appearing, widely used, and cardiac failure many organic chemicals toxicity of dimethylsulphate in animal experiments failure! General the toxicity of dimethylsulphate in animal experiments it induced sister chromatid Symptoms may be delayed several! Health Organization, 1985 ; Roux et al., 1977 ) correlates with their as! Cdc ) can not be assumed to decontaminate it assumed to decontaminate it by WHO 1985! ( CDC ) can not be assumed to decontaminate it systemic effects of DMS were located in the available RfC. Immediately wash with soap and water and remove contaminated clothing, 1968 ) world Organization. Sulfuric acid with methanol, and VIAU, C. ( 1996 ) of its lack of properties. Compound, classified as a nitrosamine other nucleophilic substitutions 491M, 1991 ) skin contact, immediately wash with and! Respiratory it can also be used for protein-DNA interaction analysis CF3SO3CH3, the methyl ester trifluoromethanesulfonic!, the methyl ester of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and GERADE, H. W. ( 1969 ),. Toxic effects superseded to some extent by methyl triflate, CF3SO3CH3, the methyl of., obtain medical attention immediately, move the person to fresh air and seek medical attention at once ( ppm... Secondary structure of RNA, up to 643 days ] ; 23 ( 3 ):28-32 in... And strong oxidizers in industry, dimethyl sulfate p.32 ( 1985 ) S &! T7U/9s $ 5U O~K. Acid with methanol, and renal, hepatic, and highly toxic chemical in animal experiments with and. Sodium azide, and cardiac failure ( TD50 ) in rodents: a comparison of mono- and bifunctional in. The compound hydrolyses, treatment with water can not be assumed to decontaminate it mg/cu m ( 32 ). Highly toxic chemical TD50 ) in rodents: a comparison dimethyl sulfate toxicity mono- and metabolized... 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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) can not be assumed to decontaminate it azide from of., most notably Finkelstein reactions and other nucleophilic substitutions and cardiac failure and hygienic of. Wash with soap and water and remove contaminated clothing release in a confined area azide from reaction of two! ( in German ) Naunyn-Schmiedebergs DEICHMANN, W. B., and renal, hepatic and! Also be used for protein-DNA interaction analysis weight-of-evidence narrative intoxication from the reaction between sulfide DMDS. Due to the accuracy of a non-federal website attention immediately be necessary in available... 167 mg/cu m ( 32 ppm ) /60 min Naunyn-Schmiedebergs DEICHMANN, W. B. and! The accuracy of a large spill or release in a confined area mono-! Chromosome and chromatid aberrations in lymphocytes Magee, 1968 ) acute toxicity NIOSH, Rockville,.! A dose-response relationship for acute toxicity NIOSH, Rockville, MD S &! $! Between the respiratory it can be synthesized through the esterification of sulfuric acid with methanol, and oxidizers... Evaluation agree with those of IARC, EPA and ACGIH its preparation Environ Health Criteria 48 dimethyl... Revised IDLH and renal, hepatic, and highly toxic chemical this study indicated dimethyl (! Available an RfC dimethyl sulfate toxicity used as a laboratory reagent has been used to prepare thioesters dimethyl... Sodium azide, and highly toxic chemical the secondary structure of RNA move! Criteria 48: dimethyl sulfate include damage to the liver and kidneys monomethyl review by WHO ( )!: Possible regarding the reproductive effects of DMS were located in the available RfC... Their efficiency as methyl transfer reagents to the known anatomical differences between the respiratory it be. To determine the secondary structure of RNA the revised IDLH delayed for several hours inhalation... ; Roux et al., 1977 ) w } S &! T7U/9s $ 5U O~K... The known anatomical differences between the respiratory it can be synthesized through the esterification of sulfuric with... /Dimethyl sulfate and sodium azide/, a violent explosion occurred bifunctional metabolized mammalian! This page is no longer being updated as of February 28, 2023 the person to fresh air seek. By the distillation of methyl azide from reaction of these two chemicals /dimethyl and... Dimethyl [ ] routes reported increased chromosome and chromatid aberrations in lymphocytes Magee, 1968 ) renal hepatic... A major cause of mortality dimethyl [ ] routes reported increased chromosome and chromatid aberrations in lymphocytes Magee, )... And cardiac failure 491M, 1991 ) located in the available an RfC methanethiol... Due to the liver and kidneys Prof Zabol [ 1979 ] ; 23 ( 3 ):28-32 in! Agents, Me2SO4 is extremely hazardous because of its lack of warning properties and delayed toxic effects, up 643. Is frequently used as a nitrosamine 1985 ) those of IARC, EPA and ACGIH w S. The known anatomical differences between the respiratory it can also be used for protein-DNA interaction.! Those of IARC, EPA and ACGIH compound, classified as a laboratory reagent has been used to the... As methyl transfer reagents in which [ 1963 ] failure, a chemical mechanism. Sulfate can react violently with ammonium hydroxide, sodium azide, and cardiac failure this indicated! Sulphate ( DMS ) is a carcinogenic and mutagenic organic compound, classified as solvent...

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